[Title] The 4th UK-Japan Bilateral Consultations on Cyberspace

1. The Fourth UK-Japan Bilateral Consultations on Cyberspace were held in London, the United Kingdom on Friday, 16 March 2018.

2. This whole of government meeting was co-chaired by Ms. Sarah Taylor, Director Cyber, National Security Directorate, Foreign and Commonwealth Office and Mr. Masato Otaka, Ambassador in charge of Cyber Policy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA) of Japan. The U.K. delegation comprised Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), Cabinet Office (CO), Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS), Ministry of Defence (MOD), Home Office (HO), and National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC). The Japanese delegation represented relevant ministries and agencies including National Security Secretariat (NSS), National center of Incident readiness and Strategy for Cybersecurity (NISC), Cabinet Intelligence and Research Office (CIRO), National Police Agency (NPA), Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC), Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), and Ministry of Defense (MOD).

3. At this dialogue, the two sides exchanged views on their respective cybersecurity efforts and strategies. They also discussed their bilateral cooperation on various issues such as cybersecurity for major events hosted by each side, including the Olympic and Paralympic Games Tokyo 2020; capacity building; the security of the

Internet of Things (IoT); as well as their cooperation on supporting the application of the rule-based international order in cyberspace.

4. In line with the Japan-UK Joint Vision Statement and Joint Declaration on Security Cooperation agreed by Prime Minister May and Prime Minister Abe in August 2017, as well as the Joint Statement issued at the Third Japan-UK Foreign and Defense Ministerial Meeting (“2+2”) in December 2017, the two sides reiterated their commitment to promoting a free, open, peaceful, fair, and secure cyberspace, recognizing it as crucial to global, social and economic development and the importance of human rights including the freedom of expression and the multi-stakeholder approach to Internet governance.

5. Japan and the UK reaffirmed their commitment to promoting international stability frameworks for cyberspace consisting of the application of existing international law, agreed voluntary, non-binding norms of responsible state behaviour, confidence

building measures and capacity building measures, and strengthen cooperation, including information exchange, to deter, mitigate and attribute, through appropriate frameworks, malicious cyber activities in accordance with relevant domestic laws and existing international law.

6. They welcomed the success of the Cyber Workshop with ASEAN, co-hosted by the UK and Japan in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam on February 22, 2018, as well as the initiatives within the ASEAN Regional Forum to develop and implement confidence building measures.

7. The UK and Japan identified the following priority areas for co-operation over the next year:

- share respective national approaches on securing Internet of Thing (IoT) devices

- enhance cooperation, including information exchange, to deter, mitigate and

attribute malicious cyber activity

- coordinate regional capacity building efforts

- cooperate on cybersecurity for major events

- promote rule-based international order in cyberspace

8. For this purpose, they confirmed that the fifth UK-Japan Bilateral Consultations on Cyberspace will be held in Tokyo at a mutually agreed time, next year, while in the meantime considering all future opportunities for greater cooperation.