[Title] G20 Action Plan on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
The G20 is committed to further aligning its work with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to ensure that no one is left behind in our efforts to eradicate poverty, achieve sustainable development and build an inclusive and sustainable future for all, as confirmed at the Antalya Summit. This Action Plan,including the High Level Principles, contributes to global efforts to implement the 2030 Agenda, including the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda on Financing for Development (AAAA).
High Level Principles on the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda
Recognizing the historic global consensus reached with the adoption of the universal and ambitious 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development in September 2015, and recommitting to all the principles of the 2030 Agenda, the G20 commits to contribut ing to its implementation. G20 efforts will continue to promote strong, sustainable and balanced growth,protect the planet from degradation, and further cooperate with low income and developing countries. G20 members will ensure that their collective efforts make positive global impact towards effective implementation of the 2030 Agenda in all three dimensions of sustainable development in a balanced and integrated manner.
The G20 will focus on sectors and themes of the 2030 Agenda where it has comparative advantage and can add value as a global forum for economic cooperation. Within the overall sustainable development agenda, the G20's comparative advantage lies in its convening power and its collective ability to adopt and support initiatives at the highest global level, including those that involve macro-economic framework, and to create the global enabling environment.
In this regard the G20 contribution to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda will be guided by the following high level principles:
- Implement the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development including the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda (AAAA), through our collective and individual efforts, at home and abroad, in a way that makes use ofthe comparative advantage of the G20 as a global economic forum.
- Reaffirm the universality of the 2030 Agenda, its transformative, indivisible and integrated nature, the importance of leaving no one behind, the dignity of every person on the planet,and people-centered sustainable development.
- Implement the 2030 Agenda domestically according to national priorities, needs and capacities, and internationally in fostering peaceful, just and inclusive societies which are free from fear and violence, and in supporting low income and developing countries to generate progress towards achieving the SDGs which includes eradicating poverty and hunger.
- Recognize the importance of sustainable development in all its dimensions (economic, environmental and social) in a balanced and integrated manner, and resolve to integrate sustainable development into our domestic policies and plans as well as our international development efforts, as applicable.
- Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable growth consistent with the 2030 Agenda that creates productive employment and decent work and benefits all segments of our societies, as well as effective governance and accountable institutions which are essential to the eradication of poverty and hunger, promotion of sustainable development and achieving the SDGs in an integrated manner.
- Devote ourselves to take collective policy actions to the pursuit of global development that are inclusive, respect country ownership and national priorities, focusing on concrete results, mutually beneficial and win-win outcomes, openness, flexibility and transparency.
- Promote a revitalized and enhanced global partnership for sustainable development including through the mobilization and responsible use of all sources of financing – domestic and international, public and private, and enhance international support for implementing effective and targeted capacity-building in developing countries to achieve all the SDGs, including through North-South, South-South and triangular cooperation, as well as international cooperation on technology and capacity building, consistent with the AAAA and the 2030 Agenda.
- Support international development partnerships that engage governments, private sector, civil society, academia and international organizations, in line with the 2030 Agenda.
- Recognize the importance that countries mobilize and effectively use their own domestic resources to further their own development, and reaffirm our respective official development assistance (ODA) commitments, including the commitment by many developed countries as established in the 2030 Agenda.

- Achieve gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls.
- Ensure and strengthen the coordination and policy coherence on G20 work that contributes to
sustainable development outcomes across all G20 work streams.
- Work across the relevant G20 working groups and streams in order to contribute to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda by following up on our collective actions through existing accountability processes and follow-up mechanisms.
- Support efforts to report on the implementation progress of the 2030 Agenda in the context of the UN follow-up and review process, led by the High Level Political Forum on Sustainable Development.
Scope of the Action Plan
Given the universality of the 2030 Agenda, G20 members contribute to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda by taking bold transformative steps through both collective and individual concrete actions at international and domestic levels. These actions can advance sustainable development outcomes, support low income and developing countries to implement the 2030 Agenda according to their national priorities, and enable the provision of global public goods.
By identifying issues of common concern and encouraging policy dialogue, coherence and coordination, G20 collective actions are framed around Sustainable Development Sectors (SDS) including Infrastructure, Agriculture, Food Security and Nutrition, Human Resource Development and Employment, Financial Inclusion and Remittances, Domestic Resource Mobilization, Industrialization, Inclusive Business, Energy, Trade and Investment, Anti-Corruption, International Financial Architecture, Growth Strategies, Climate Finance and Green Finance, Innovation, and Global Health. These SDS outlined in the Action Plan reflect ongoing, mid and long-term G20 commitments and are intended to be updated and adapted to reflect successive G20 presidency priorities.
The Action Plan is a starting point and is not intended to cover all SDGs in a comprehensive manner. It will be open to updates to accommodate deliverables brought forward by subsequent presidencies, and to new emerging needs, lessons and challenges, such as migration or other issues. The Action Plan is a living document with a timeframe of 15 years, consistent with the 2030 Agenda.

G20 Collective Actions for Sustainable Development
Sustainable Development Sectors (SDS) reflect the G20's long standing efforts on development, its economic focus, and collective strength to address issues of global concern and increasingly linked towards sustainable development. Drawing on the G20 agenda for strong, sustainable and balanced growth and the G20's multi-year development agenda (Seoul Development Consensus, St Petersburg Development Outlook and the G20 - Low Income and Developing Countries Framework), these SDS capture the G20's collective actions towards sustainable development in its economic, social and environmental dimensions and poverty eradication as addressed in the 2030 Agenda. Importantly, SDS recognize that all G20 work streams have the potential to contribute to realizing the 2030 Agenda and will be further developed according to emerging priorities. Cross-cutting elements within these SDS include: the Means of Implementation, including, inter alia, finance, technology and capacity building, as agreed in the 2030 Agenda and its SDGs and the AAAA, the systematic mainstreaming of gender equality and women's political and economic empowerment, and the protection of the planet and its natural resources.
The below section outlines G20 activities in these SDS, and the Development Working Group (DWG), together with other work streams, will further develop a list of comprehensive and concrete actions that contribute to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda before next G20 Summit in 2017.
Infrastructure
Implementing the 2030 Agenda will require new investments in sustainable infrastructure across a wide range of sectors (SDGs 6, 7, 9, 11, 12)*1*. Such investments will impact positively on global efforts on economic growth, poverty eradication and combating climate change and its impacts (SDG 1, 3, 8, 13). In line with the Addis Ababa Action Agenda (paras 14, 47), the G20 has established work on infrastructure led by the Investment and Infrastructure Working Group (IIWG) and the Development Working Group (DWG), which aims to advance infrastructure investment, address data gaps, improve investment climate, and exploit synergies across different initiatives. This work is supported by stakeholders including the World Bank, other multilateral development banks (MDBs), the Global Infrastructure Hub (GIH), OECD, and IMF. The G20 has launched the Global Infrastructure Connectivity Alliance Initiative in 2016 aiming to enhance synergies and cooperation of existing infrastructure connectivity initiatives, including those at regional level. The G20 welcomes the MDBs' joint declaration of aspiration on actions to support infrastructure investment, including the quantitative ambitions for high quality infrastructure projects. The G20 encourages continued progress on the optimization of MDBs balance sheets, as well as on MDB's support for countries to mobilize more public and private resources in order to contribute to the effective implementation of the 2030 Agenda including but not limited to infrastructure.
The G20 will take steps to deliver on its commitments of developing sustainable, resilient, safe and quality infrastructure to support economic development and human well-being. Along with relevant international organizations and MDBs, it will aim to promote policy options that bridge the global infrastructure gap including through mobilizing both public and private finance, promote global infrastructure connectivity, and facilitate sustainable and resilient infrastructure development in low income and developing countries. The G20 will also continue to actively participate in the work of the Global Infrastructure Forum towards this end.
Agriculture, Food Security and Nutrition
Sustainable agriculture, through its links to food security and nutrition, health, employment, economic development and environment, contributes significantly to achieving a wide range of SDGs (2, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15). The G20 has committed to promote sustainable agriculture and rural development, improve global food security and nutrition for all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable groups, tackle the issue of food price volatility, and reduce food loss and waste throughout food value chains by supporting the G20 Technical Platform on the Measurement and Reduction of Food Loss and Waste. The G20 Food Security and Nutrition Framework sets three multi-year priorities aligned with the SDGs: increasing responsible investment; increasing incomes and providing quality employment; and increasing productivity in a sustainable manner. This Framework is being implemented including through the Implementation Plan and the Action Plan on Food Security and Sustainable Food Systems and the outcomes of the 2016 G20 Agriculture Minister's meeting. (cf. AAAA paras 13, 108, 121).
The G20 will contribute to end hunger, poverty and all forms of malnutrition, implement plans and programs regarding the agriculture-related SDGs while paying due attention to the links with other SDGs, improve the global environment for responsible agricultural investment, facilitate innovation and ICT application in agriculture, reduce food loss and waste, and promote sustainable food production systems and resilient agricultural practices that increase productivity and help maintain ecosystems. It will pay special attention to smallholders, family farmers, and small-scale producers, and women and youth. It will continue to support and strengthen programmes that prepare farmers and the food systems for present and future challenges, including the adverse effects of climate change, and initiatives that promote sustainable agricultural development including the Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS), the Platform for Agricultural Risk Management (PARM), the Meeting of G20 Agricultural Chief Scientists (MACS), AgResults and the Global Agriculture and Food Security Program (GAFSP).
Human Resources Development and Employment
The G20 has put a strong emphasis on promoting more, decent and quality jobs, through an integrated approach and comprehensive policies to achieve full and productive employment and decent work for all (SDG 8). Human resource development through education, quality apprenticeships and training to enhance vocational skills development and lifelong learning, both in G20 countries and non-G20 countries, remains a high priority (SDG 4). The G20 has been working on human resources development both at home and abroad to substantially increase the number of youth and adults who have relevant technical and vocational skills for employment. It adopted the Multi-Year Framework for Policy Coherence and Coordination on Human Resource Development between the G20 Development and Employment Working Groups. It also adopted the Framework on Promoting Quality Jobs, Skills Strategy, Training Strategy and the Policy Principles for Promoting Better Youth Employment Outcomes. G20 efforts to reduce the share of young people who are most at risk of being permanently left behind in the labour market by 15% by 2025, and reduce the gender gap in the labour force participation by 25 percent by 2025 in their countries, taking into account the national circumstances, are critical contributions to the 2030 Agenda (SDGs 4, 5, 8). G20 has also committed to sharing good practices to address opportunities and challenges for labour markets posed by international labour mobility and aging of populations. As the G20 is seeking to ensure that growth is sustainable, inclusive and job-rich, it supports a comprehensive and coordinated approach which places employment promotion as the priority in national economic and social development strategies and commits to enhancing coherence between economic, labour, employment, and social policies, as well as encouraging innovation, enhancing employability, promoting quality apprenticeship and entrepreneurship through practical actions (SDG 10; cf. AAAA paras 16, 37, 41).
The G20 will support integrated policies to promote accessible and effective technical and vocational training and acquisition including through training systems. It will also promote full and productive employment and decent work for all, entrepreneurship, and social protection in line with national conditions. It will review growth strategies and employment plans to ensure policy coherence, strengthen actions against inequality and in support of inclusive growth, and keep its priority on substantially reducing the gender gap in labour force participation and the proportion of youth not in employment, education or training, protecting labour rights and promoting safe working environment for all workers taking into account national circumstances.
Financial Inclusion and Remittances
Financial inclusion and remittances activities in the G20, focusing on providing full and equal access to formal financial services for all, enhancing financial literacy and education and consumers protection, promoting digital financial inclusion, and reducing the cost of transferring remittances, help reduce poverty and inequality (SDG 1,10) and foster inclusive growth (SDG 8, AAAA paras 39, 40). The Global Partnership for Financial Inclusion (GPFI) is working on expanding access to financial services as well as usage for those formerly excluded, particularly youth and women, and addressing financial system challenges and legal uncertainties around SMEs financing in both G20 and non-G20 countries.
The G20 will continue to develop evidence-based practices on sustainably increasing financial inclusion, both for individual and SMEs, including considering how digital technologies can offer affordable opportunities for the financially excluded. The G20 remains committed to National Remittances Plans as an important step towards helping to reduce the transaction cost of migrant remittances to less than 3 per cent and eliminate remittance corridors with costs higher than 5 per cent (SDG 10, AAAA para 40) and addressing the potential negative impact of risk re-evaluation by financial institutions, commonly known as "de-risking".
Domestic Resource Mobilization
The mobilization and effective use of domestic resources are central to financing sustainable development. The G20 affirms its commitment to strengthening domestic resource mobilization, continuing international cooperation on tax including through international support to low income and developing countries, improving domestic tax policies administration systems and better collection of revenues and statistics, and combating illicit financial flows (SDG 17, AAAA paras 22, 23). Building on the implementation of the G20/OECD Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS) Project and the Automatic Exchange of Information (AEOI), the G20 aims to deepen international tax cooperation to ensure inclusive cooperation and dialogue among national tax authorities including regional cooperation in setting, monitoring and implementing international taxation standards (AAAA paras 27- 29). The G20 has also adopted a Call to Action to help strengthen tax capacity in low income and developing countries to help them participate in these initiatives and mobilize domestic resources for development. The G20 welcomes commitment by IMF, OECD, UN and World Bank Group Platform for Collaboration on Taxation to develop the set of toolkits and reports to improve guidance for low capacity countries in implementing BEPS standards. It also commends the international organizations' initiatives for strengthening tax revenue statistics and tax capacity in developing countries such as the Tax Administration Diagnostic Assessment Tool and the Initiative on Tax Inspectors without Borders. The G20 encourages its members to support the principles of the Addis Tax Initiative, and supports low income and developing countries to join the BEPS Inclusive Framework.
The G20 will further strengthen international cooperation to enhance domestic revenue administration and improve the fairness, transparency, efficiency and effectiveness of tax systems, and call on relevant international organizations to make further recommendations and plans in this regard. It will amplify efforts to support low income and developing countries to participate in international cooperation on tax matters and develop more effective tax capacity building programs and tackle illicit financial flows.
Industrialization
The G20's focus on supporting industrialization, especially in Africa and Least Developed Countries (LDCs), contributes towards the SDGs (9) and a revitalized and enhanced global partnership (AAAA paras 15, 45). The G20 is exploring ways that it can support sustainable, inclusive and transparent transformation processes towards industrialization in Africa and LDCs that can boost growth, create jobs, and promote inclusiveness and sustainable development.
The G20 will consider new forms of international development partnership and collective actions to promote sustainable industrial productive capacity, a resilient and industry-related services sector, strengthened SME and agro-industry segments and links to the global market and digital economy in Africa and LD Cs, according to their development priorities and the capabilities of the G20 members.
Inclusive business
Inclusive Business helps reach people at the base of the pyramid as consumers and also as producers in a sustainable and commercially viable way, contributing towards SDGs (1, 8, 9, 10, 12, 17) and a revitalized and enhanced global partnership (AAAA paras 16, 35-37). In line with the G20 Leaders' Call on Inclusive Business, the G20 has launched the Global Platform on Inclusive Business and continues to promote knowledge and learning for policy makers to promote Inclusive Business, including by applying the G20 Inclusive Business Framework in their domestic contexts and development policies. The G20 has endorsed the Inclusive Business Report for the 2016 Summit.
The G20 will continue facilitating learning, dialogue and exchanges of experiences and good practices among members, non-G20 countries especially low income and developing countries, the public sector, the private sector, and research institutes, with the objective of developing effective policy instruments and practical tools, promoting enabling ecosystems for inclusive business and encouraging its replication and scaling-up towards sustainable development.
Energy
Guided by the Principles on Energy Collaboration, G20 efforts on energy, including on access to energy, clean energy and energy efficiency, support a wide range of goals of the 2030 Agenda (SDGs 7, 9, 12, 13; AAAA paras 31, 49). In 2015, the G20 Energy Access Action Plan: Voluntary Collaboration on Energy Access put an initial focus on the Sub-Saharan Africa region aligning with the universal access goal. This effort has been extended to the Asia-Pacific region in 2016 and can be further extended to other regions over time. The G20 commits to take concrete voluntary actions, including utilizing a wide range of policy, financial and technological options, to improve energy access in these regions. The G20 Toolkit of Voluntary Options on Renewable Energy Development in 2015 set out voluntary options for accelerating renewable energy deployment. The G20 Voluntary Action Plan on Renewable Energy in 2016 aims to increase substantially the share of renewable energy in the global energy mix by developing energy strategies, including renewable energy deployment, and facilitating investment in renewable energy production and use. In line with the G20 Energy Efficiency Action Plan in 2014, the G20 has worked out the G20 Energy Efficiency Leading Program in 2016, which endeavors to significantly improve energy efficiency in the G20, through greater energy efficiency cooperation and by encouraging G20 members to develop active energy efficiency programs, policies and measures based on the specific needs and national circumstances of each member. The G20 is also committed to rationalizing and phasing out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption, recognizing the need to provide targeted support to the poorest.
The G20 shares the vision of a world of sustainable energy for all and will contribute to ensure universal access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy services. It will continue to implement the Principles on Energy Collaboration, promote modern energy systems and resilient and transparent energy markets, strengthen cooperation on energy access, clean energy and energy efficiency, and promote investment in innovative energy technologies including clean energy technologies.
Trade and Investment
Trade and investment are essential drivers of inclusive growth (SDG 8). They critically contributed to development over the last decades, and represent a key factor to fight against inequality across countries (SDG 10) and revitalize the global partnership for sustainable development (SDG 17, AAAA paras 80-82, 85). Since the outset of the financial crisis, the G20 has repeatedly pledged to resist protectionism, improve global trade governance through a strong and well-functioning multilateral trading system with the WTO at its core, remain committed to an open global economy, and further work towards trade liberalization and facilitation. Building on the WTO's successful Bali and Nairobi Ministerial Conferences, the G20 commits to implement rapidly the Bali and Nairobi outcomes. To guide and shape the WTO's post-Nairobi work, with development at its center, and acknowledging that provisions for special and differential treatment will remain integral, the G20 reaffirms its strong commitment to advance negotiations on the remaining Doha Development Agenda (DDA) issues as a matter of priority. The G20 agrees to work with all WTO members to set the direction together towards achieving positive outcomes at WTO Ministerial Conference 11 and beyond in a balanced, inclusive and transparent way with a sense of urgency and solidarity. It notes that a range of issues, such as those addressed in various Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs) and by the B20, may be of common interest and importance to today's global economy, and thus may be legitimate issues for discussions in the WTO, without prejudice to respective positions relating to possible negotiations in the future and bearing in mind that any decision to launch negotiations multilaterally on such issues would need to be agreed by all WTO Members. The G20 commits to ratify the Trade Facilitation Agreement by the end of 2016 and call on other WTO members to do the same. In order to strengthen its trade and investment cooperation mechanism, the G20 aims to make good use of the newly established Trade and Investment Working Group (TIWG) to identify approaches and actions to promote global trade growth, enhance investment policy coordination and cooperation, and support activities to help low income and developing countries and SMEs better integrate into the Global Value Chains (GVCs). G20 members examined specific policy areas where more targeted and coordinated efforts are needed to leverage trade and investment for development, such as enhancing availability of trade finance, strengthening trade related skills development, and advancing the aid-for-trade initiative.
The G20 remains committed to a rules-based, transparent, non-discriminatory, open and inclusive multilateral trading system and G20 members are determined to work together to further strengthen the WTO. By implementing the G20 Strategy for Global Trade Growth, G20 members will lead by example to lower trade costs, harness trade and investment policy coherence, boost trade in services, enhance trade finance, promote e-commerce development, and address trade and development. It will continue to support mechanisms such as aid for trade in developing countries including for capacity building assistance. With the objective of fostering an open, transparent and conducive global policy environment for investment, G20 members endorse on the non-binding G20 Guiding Principles for Global Investment Policymaking, and expect that these may promote coherence in national and international policymaking and provide greater predictability and certainty for business to support their investment decisions.

Anti-Corruption
Corruption has long been recognized as an obstacle to development that diverts resources, hinders growth, and undermines the rule of law and international financial stability. The G20 Anti-Corruption Action Plan 2017-2018 focuses its work on where the G20 can best add value to existing international efforts to reduce corruption, recover and return stolen assets, enhance transparency, and reduce illicit financial flows (SDG 16). This includes the improved enforcement of and practical cooperation in the anti-corruption laws, increased integrity and transparency in the public and private sector, the implementation of G20 anti-corruption principles including the principles on cooperation on persons sought for corruption and assets recovery, denial of safe haven, and strengthening of international cooperation and addressing corruption in high risk sectors (AAAA paras 20, 25, 30).
The G20 will accelerate implementation of anti-corruption priority policy areas, and continue to work to substantially reduce corruption and bribery in all forms as well as to improve beneficial ownership transparency of legal persons and legal arrangements, including trusts. G20 members will work towards a clean business environment and deny safe haven to corrupt officials and those who corrupt them.
International Financial Architecture
The foundation for sustainable development includes supporting global economic growth and financial stability and strengthening the international financial architecture. Since its inception, the G20 has been working on advancing the reform of the international financial architecture, such as reforms at IMF and the World Bank Group, which are well aligned to supporting the 2030 Agenda which calls for strengthening the voice and participation of developing countries in global international economic and financial institutions (SDG 10). The G20 has also taken actions to strengthen the resilience of the global financial system, while preserving its open and integrated structure, and an effective global financial safety net. The G20 has resolved to promoting the orderliness and predictability of sovereign debt restructuring processes and strengthening debt sustainability mechanisms as well as keeping a strong focus on global financial stability in low income and developing countries(cf. SDG 17; AAAA paras 103, 105-107, 109).
The G20 will support efforts to create a more stable international monetary and financial system and closely work with relevant international financial institutions within their respective mandates to further improve effective responses to macroeconomic and financial risks and provide appropriate responses to the needs of low income and developing countries. It is committed to a strong, quota-based, and adequately resourced IMF and looks forward to the completion of the 15th General Review of Quotas by the 2017 Annual Meetings. The G20 also looks forward to the outcomes of the World Bank Group's shareholding review in accordance with the agreed roadmap and time frame.
Growth Strategies
The G20 growth strategies can make an important contribution to the 2030 Agenda across a wide range of SDGs (1, 8, 10; AAAA paras 4, 105). Through these strategies, the G20 aims to lift G20's collective GDP by an additional 2 percent by 2018, which could bring positive spillovers boosting non-G20 economies' growth through increased demand in an open and integrated global economy. The current agenda for growth focuses on advancing and monitoring the full implementation of the agreed G20 growth strategies, improving performance on structural reforms, ensuring mutually supportive demand and supply policies to be put in place to deliver strong, sustainable and balanced growth and reduce downside risks, enhancing both private and public quality investment, and using fiscal, monetary and structural policies individually and collectively - all key issues for pushing forward the 2030 Agenda.
The G20 is resolved to support conditions for strong, sustainable and balanced growth and shared prosperity. It will ensure that inclusive growth and sustainable development agendas are mutually reinforcing, and will continue to enhance macroeconomic policy cooperation to help mitigate potential risks, increase synergies and lift productivity.
Climate Finance and Green Finance
Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time and its adverse impacts undermine the ability of all countries to achieve sustainable development. The goal of taking urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts (SDG 13) is a priority of G20 countries, as reflected in their contributions made in the context of the Paris Agreement. The G20 Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors reiterated the call for timely implementation of the Paris Agreement and the commitments made by developed countries and IOs and announcements made by other countries on climate finance. The G20 Sherpas agreed a Presidency Statement on Climate Change at their meeting in Guangzhou, committing to sign the Paris Agreement and bring the Agreement entry into force as soon as possible. Recognizing the primary role of UNFCCC, since 2012 the G20 Climate Finance Study Group (CFSG) has discussed how public and private financial resources can be effectively provided and mobilized for climate adaptation and mitigation actions in line with its mandate. In 2016, the Green Finance Study Group (GFSG) was established to enhance the ability of the financial system to mobilize private green investment. Green finance has the potential to play a key role in facilitating sustainable development by helping mobilize private investment in order to meet the climate and development challenges that we face today. The GFSG has already successfully identified challenges and opportunities in green finance across the G20 as well as options for countries to consider on a voluntary basis.
The G20 will continue to cooperate closely to combat climate change and its impacts and promote the timely entry into force and implementation of the Paris Agreement, encourage more resources to be provided and mobilized to combat climate change, and encourage financial flows to be consistent with a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate-resilient development. It calls on MDBs and development financial institutions to mainstream climate change actions across development strategies and encourages MDBs to present climate change action plans. It will continue to work and deepen the identified options to enhance the ability of the financial system to mobilize private capital for green investment.
Innovation
Innovation including new ideas, processes, technologies, production methods and business models, is an important driving force for strong, sustainable and balanced growth. Innovation can also ensure this growth is inclusive. Aside from its economic and business effect, innovation helps tackle social and environmental challenges at local and global levels. Stimulating innovation can be a key driver for long-term sustainable development (SDGs 8, 9). In 2016, the G20 agreed upon the Blueprint on Innovative Growth, which focuses on international cooperation on innovation, new industrial revolution and digital economy and will help boost economic growth and innovation, reduce gaps and lags, and strengthen the means of achieving the 2030 Agenda (SDG17; AAAA 114-124).
The G20 members encourage the enhancement of synergy and cooperation in our respective national innovation systems involving a wide range of actors and stakeholders, and building dynamic innovation ecosystems. It will intensify cooperation on creating a global environment that facilitates lawful access to science and technology, promoting voluntary knowledge sharing on mutually agreed terms, and exchanges of good practice to enhance innovation in the area of sustainable development. The G20 supports the Technology Facilitation Mechanism of UN for enhanced cooperation on technology to achieve sustainable development. It also emphasizes the importance of open trade and investment regimes to facilitate innovation, including through Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) protection and enforcement. The G20 will aim to achieve higher levels of economic productivity and sustainable development through facilitating innovation, new industrial revolution and digital economy with special attention to low income and developing countries.
Global Health
The G20 recognizes that health is a necessary component for socio-economic stability, and it is also a key aspect of sustainable development (SDGs 1, 3, 5; AAAA para 77). Strong and resilient health systems are critical to responding to current and emerging global health challenges, and contribute to a productive workforce, a stable social safety net and ultimately a prosperous society. Threats to health, such as those arising from outbreaks of infectious diseases, can overwhelm health systems, spill into other sectors, shut down economies and undermine sustainable development. In 2014, G20 Leaders issued a special statement on Ebola, calling on all countries to join the G20 in mobilizing resources to strengthen national, regional and global preparedness against the threat posed by infectious diseases. In 2016, G20 members held discussion on efforts against anti-microbial resistance.
The G20 commits to support international efforts, including those of the WHO, to manage health risks and crisis in a comprehensive way, from preparedness and early identification of disease risks to effective response and recovery efforts, in the context of the International Health Regulations (IHR). It will also continue to support international efforts to strengthen sustainable and innovative financing of the global and national health systems. The G20 believes there is a need for an improved, aligned and coordinated approach to strengthening health systems, thereby contributing to universal health coverage, which serves as a foundation to promote public health, and enhances preparedness for global health threats.
Strengthening G20 Coherence and Coordination on Sustainable Development
As a leader-level forum, the G20 can foster whole-of-government approaches that are essential to the implementation of the Action Plan. All relevant work streams and working groups in the G20, by incorporating the 2030 Agenda into their work, can make contributions to the implementation of this Action Plan. By taking an integrated approach and further aligning the G20's work program with the 2030 Agenda, the G20 aims to strengthen policy coherence so that it makes the strongest possible contribution to the 2030 Agenda across all three dimensions of sustainable development.
Each G20 presidency sets priority-areas to advance this multi-year Action Plan. G20 Sherpas, working with Finance Deputies, provide leadership and strategic guidance and ensure coordination across work streams and dialogue between working groups on their activities related to the 2030 Agenda.
The DWG will continue to lead on its priority areas, and continue to play an important role in supporting Sherpas in both driving the G20 sustainable development agenda and in further collaborating with other work streams to better understand their priorities and jointly develop possible deliverables on the 2030 Agenda.
Specific arrangements on the role of the DWG are outlined in Annex A.
Accountability and Engagement
The G20 will deliver results according to the priorities outlined in the Sustainable Development Sectors (SDS) across G20 presidencies, while allowing flexibility for future presidencies to set and add specific priorities and focus.
The DWG through its established Accountability Framework will conduct an Annual Progress Report and a Comprehensive Accountability Report once every three years on its working areas, focusing on G20's collective actions for sustainable development. Each relevant working group and work stream will be responsible for actions it takes forward as well as tracking progress through relevant G20 accountability processes and mechanisms. Each relevant working group and work stream can contribute with inputs to the DWG accountability products by sharing the information with the DWG on progress made on relevant actions. The G20 will ensure that a coherent, streamlined and credible accountability approach is in place to support reporting on this Action Plan.
The G20 acknowledges that the global follow-up and review process on the 2030 Agenda is a UN-led process and countries themselves may only be in the preliminary planning stages in 2016. The G20 supports these UN processes and recognizes that the UN High Level Political Forum has a central role in follow-up and review processes at the global level. G20 members will avoid duplicating individual reporting within the UN, in regard to their collective and national actions.
The G20 will strengthen partnership and cooperation with low income and developing countries and relevant stakeholders including international organizations, civil society, private sector, and G20 engagement groups, to enhance the global partnership for sustainable development and ensure an effective implementation of the Action Plan.
National Actions and Opportunities for Mutual Learning
As the G20 develops practical and ambitious collective actions on contributing to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda, it will lead by example and, on a voluntary basis, showcase G20 members' planned national activities towards implementing the 2030 Agenda by sharing ongoing, preliminary, planned actions or processes. Seeking to foster mutual learning and exchange of experiences and good practices among members and beyond, G20 members have shared their national actions and experiences around a number of areas including but not limited to the following ones:
- Raising public awareness of the 2030 Agenda and the link with new and emerging issues;
- Integrating the 2030 Agenda into national decision-making based on local contexts;
- Engaging with multiple stakeholders to plan for implementation;
- Creating horizontal (breaking down the silos) and vertical (‘localizing' the 2030 Agenda) policy coherence;
- Financing and capacity building;
- Reviewing and follow-up of the 2030 Agenda;
- Fostering adaptability to risks in the implementation process of the 2030 Agenda;
- Supporting low income and other developing countries in implementing the 2030 Agenda. Examples of actions presented on a voluntary basis by G20 members are outlined in Annex B.
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Annex A – Strengthening G20 coherence and coordination – the role of the Development Working Group (DWG)
Annex B – Outline of the presentations on national actions by the G20 members

Annex A – Strengthening G20 coherence and coordination – the role of the Development Working Group (DWG)
The DWG will lead on its own development priority areas and act as a coordinating body and policy resource for sustainable development across the G20. It will continue to report directly to, and be strategically guided by, G20 Sherpas to undertake the following functions:
- Strengthening the role of the G20 in advancing global sustainable development over the long-run, supporting low income and developing countries to effectively implement the 2030 Agenda, as well as enable the provision of global public goods;
- Supporting development cooperation, policy and financing actions including the Means of Implementation for better integration of low income and developing countries to a sustainable global economy, through discussion with the relevant work streams;
- Supporting Sherpas to enhance policy coordination and coherence for sustainable development across relevant G20 tracks and work streams, facilitating the implementation of the Action Plan and reporting on regular basis to G20 Sherpas;
- Acting, in close coordination with the presidency's outreach activities and supported by the UN and relevant international organizations, as a forum for sustainable development dialogue between G20 members, low income and developing countries, development stakeholders, and the G20 engagement groups, to ensure that emerging sustainable development issues and the views of low income and developing countries are taken into consideration;
- Facilitating mutual learning and exchange of experiences and good practices among G20 members on their respective national actions for sustainable development.
- Assisting in the delivery of 2030 Agenda related activities, working closely with other G20 work streams in the Sherpa and Finance tracks, by facilitating two way exchanges of information, providing advice to other work streams on development-related issues and 2030 Agenda priorities, and helping to identify in each Presidency the division of labor between the DWG and other work streams with an aim to strengthen the integration of the 2030 Agenda in G20 work programmes and ensure that responsibility on the implementation and tracking progress of specific issues is clear.

Annex B - Outline of the presentations on national actions by the G20 members
ARGENTINA
The Argentine National Council for Coordination of Social Policies (CNCPS), which is within the scope of the Office of the President and was the focal point for the Millennium Development Goals, is the focal point for follow-up and evaluation of the implementation of the new 2030 Agenda.
In April 2016, inter-agency work began among Committees by strategic areas formed by Ministries and the Office of the Chief of Cabinet of Ministers, coordinated by the SDG team within the CNCPS.
The work is organized among 6 (six) committees: Education; Science and Technology; Sustainable Agricultural Development; Housing, Habitat, Urban Development and Infrastructure; Work and Labour, and Social Protection.
The final work product in 2016 will be the official SDG list with its adapted goals and follow-up indicators with their respective technical files with definitions, both conceptual and operational, as an instrument for management and accountability.
The selection and development of indicators envisages support for and evaluation of the National Statistics and Census Bureau (INDEC) in order to ensure sound, integrated technical measurement, as well as the National Council of Women (CNM) and the National Advisory Committee for Integration of Persons with Disabilities (CONADIS) and a gender perspective.
The "human rights approach" drives the 2030 Agenda adaptation process in Argentina, promoting the principles of non-discrimination, participation, indivisibility of rights, as well as responsibility and accountability of those obligated to respect such rights, especially Governments.
In addition, in the process of "adaptation" of the new agenda to the priorities set by the national government and incorporating subnational jurisdictions, a gender approach will be taken into account when selecting the set of indicators for monitoring purposes, both at a national and at a subnational level. That is to say, indicators disaggregated by sex and age will be defined and, at the same time, socioeconomic and regional dimensions will be included in order to account for belonging to vulnerable groups or risk populations of beneficiaries of public policies that will promote the achievement of goals on the 2030 Agenda.

The CNCPS takes into consideration at all times the comprehensive and indivisible nature of the 2030 Agenda; therefore, it is essential to carry out inter-sectorial work coordinated and articulated by a national government authority.
To such end, the Council has initiated the technical assistance process for subnational governments so that each subnational jurisdiction will make progress in adapting the SDG to its territorial needs.
Additionally, through the participation of actors such as civil society and the business sector, whose commitment to the 2030 Agenda is key to achieve goals in that direction, a multiplicity of views, opinions and interests will be integrated in order to build a shared vision which will be translated into strategic partnerships to achieve the goals.
AUSTRALIA
Australia's aid program is well aligned with the 2030 Agenda and is supporting global progress towards the SDGs including through investments in: gender equality and women's empowerment (SDG 5); food security, agriculture and fisheries (SDGs 2 and 14); health and education (SDGs 3 and 4); infrastructure, trade and international competitiveness (SDGs 7, 8 and 11); and effective governance, institutions and economic growth (SDGs 8 and 16). Australia has made early commitments to further contribute to the 2030 Agenda, particularly SDG 17, and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda.
The Australian aid program focuses on the Indo-Pacific region where many developing countries are growing rapidly, with aid representing an increasingly small proportion of development finance. To be effective in this context, Australia's aid program will be more innovative and catalytic, leveraging other drivers for development, such as domestic finance and private sector investment. Two areas of focus for Australia in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda are in increasing Domestic Resource Mobilisation and increasing investment in aid-for-trade in developing countries.
Australia recognises that a sustainable revenue base is a prerequisite for resilient and sustained economic growth. Tax revenue provides governments with the funds necessary to deliver public services, make investments and relieve poverty. To support this, Australia is a founding member of the Addis Tax Initiative (ATI), which will support developing countries strengthen their tax systems, increase their domestic resource mobilisation, and promote stronger economic governance.
In May 2016, the Australian Government released its Framework for supporting tax policy and administration through the aid program to guide Australia's approach to assist partner governments to achieve their tax policy and administration goals. The framework is available at: http://dfat.gov.au/about-us/publications/Pages/framework-for-supporting-tax-policy-and-administra tion-through-the-aid-program.aspx. This framework will enable Australia to implement its commitment under the ATI to double its investments supporting tax systems in developing countries by 2020.
Australia's aid for trade investments – committed to grow to 20 per cent of the aid program - supplement these efforts by helping developing countries achieve the SDGs through addressing supply side constraints to trade to boost their economic growth prospects, development and job creation capacity. Australia is strengthening business and investment environments, supporting growth in markets, and maximising the development impact of businesses (building on investments of around $1.4 billion in 2015-16). Australia also ensures that at least 80 per cent of our investments, in all sectors, effectively address gender as part of their implementation.
Australia is also implementing domestically initiatives that align with the SDGs, for example:
- the Closing the Gap initiative has targets to improve outcomes in health, education and employment for Indigenous Australians (SDGs 3, 4 and 8);
- the National Disability Insurance Scheme supports people with a significant or permanent disability to build skills and capability so they can participate in the community and employment (SDGs 4 and 10);
- the Women's Safety Package aims to improve frontline support services, and provide educational resources to help change community attitudes to violence and abuse (SDGs 5 and 16).
BRAZIL
Brazil actively engaged in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), achieving –in some cases surpassing – most of the targets. With the SDGs, we must generate more positive outcomes, integrating the economic, social and environmental dimensions.
In the negotiations for the 2030 Agenda, Brazil always highlighted the importance of thematic integration, opposing "silos approaches" that could hinder the fulfillment of the 2030 Agenda. Brazil promoted a wide and participatory national coordination process, involving 27 Ministries, local governments and civil society. A dedicated National Commission will be created, where different stakeholders, from public and private sectors and civil society will work together towards implementation, in full respect of the interdependence of the economic, social and environmental dimensions of sustainable development.
The 2030 Agenda requires the participation of the society as a whole. Brazil is working with UN agencies to foster new partnerships and disseminate knowledge on SDGs. As a starting point, five regional and one national conferences will take place, with Brazil's support, targeted at civil society and private sector. Informative material will also be distributed nationwide.
The participation of different levels of domestic government is a fundamental part of the process. Brazil will expand the successful program "Commitments Agenda", established in 2010 for the MDGs, for implementation and follow-up process within the municipalities. In April 2016, local government associations, together with civil society, launched a new online platform for the program "Sustainable Cities", incorporating the content of the SDGs in tools for policy planning and follow-up. Over 283 municipalities are already in this program, including the most populated Brazilian cities.
In the preparation of the national budget Multi-Year Plan 2016 – 2019, Brazil sought to articulate the SDGs and national public policies, focusing on synergies and avoiding possible inconsistencies with the 17 SDGs framework, and seeking to ensure means through regular budget allocations in this cycle. The Government is also promoting a comprehensive dialogue with the private sector, to align private business activities to the 2030 Agenda priorities.
A broad consultation among national statistical producers, government agencies and relevant stakeholders is taking place to refine existing indicators and, when necessary, develop new ones. Based on domestic indicators, the National Commission will engage with the national follow-up of the SDGs and the preparation of periodic progress reports.
Internationally, the Brazilian Government is mainstreaming the guidelines set out in the Agenda 2030 in its South-South and triangular cooperation programs, to support better capacity-building for implementation both in Brazil and in our partners.
In our region, Brazil stresses the 2030 Agenda's potential contribution to cooperation activities within Mercosur, Unasur and CELAC. At the UN Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean, we are working with other countries to establish a regional Forum for peer learning and good practices sharing.

We also seek that the Community of the Portuguese-Speaking Countries adopt the SDGs as the moto of its South-South cooperation. Brazil translated the Agenda into Portuguese, distributing it to CPLP Member States, a simple action to raise awareness of the SDGs.
CANADA
Canada is firmly committed to implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, whose objectives are closely reflected in both our domestic and international priorities. We welcome the universal, integrated character of the Sustainable Development Goals, recognizing the inextricable nature of domestic and international action. To effectively implement the 2030 Agenda, and its accompanying Addis Ababa Action Agenda, we will need to actively consult, engage and work with an array of stakeholders including provincial, territorial and municipal governments; Indigenous peoples, governments and leadership; civil society organizations; businesses; and youth.
Canada has launched an International Assistance Review to refocus on the poorest and most vulnerable, who are at the heart of the 2030 Agenda. This Review will result in a new international assistance framework that will shape our approach to supporting the implementation of the 2030 Agenda. The empowerment of women and girls, and the protection and promotion of their rights, will be at the heart of this Review. The key issues framing the Review include: health and rights of women and children; clean economic growth and climate change; governance, pluralism, diversity, and human rights; peace and security; and responding to humanitarian crises and the needs of displaced populations. We are also considering how to improve our approach to delivering international assistance, including through innovative programming mechanisms and greater coherence.
Some examples of how Canada is supporting the 2030 Agenda include the investment of $2.65 billion over five years to support climate change action in developing countries. Canada has also pledged $785 million (2017–19) to the Global Fund for AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, and will continue its efforts to improve Maternal, Newborn and Child Health, including by closing existing gaps in reproductive rights and health care for women. Canada is contributing to efforts to enhance global security and stability, provide vital humanitarian assistance, and help partners in fragile situations, including those most impacted by the conflicts in Iraq and Syria, to deliver social services, rebuild infrastructure and foster good governance.
The objectives of the 2030 Agenda mirror the domestic priorities and plans of the Government of Canada. Canada is committed to providing more direct help to those who need it most, including through the new Canada Child Benefit, which aims to lift hundreds of thousands of children out of poverty. To create more opportunities for young people, the Government of Canada is also working with provinces and territories to make post-secondary education more affordable. Canada is also committed to strengthening gender equality, including through the development of a federal strategy against gender-based violence.
Canada is working diligently to create both a clean environment and strong economy. Environment and Climate Change Canada is working with a range of federal departments to develop the 2016-19 Federal Sustainable Development Strategy which links with the 2030 Agenda's environmental sustainability priorities. Canada is investing $120 billion in infrastructure over the next decade, with an initial investment of $11.9 billion in public transit, water and wastewater systems, affordable housing, and the protection of infrastructure systems from the effects of climate change. The Canadian Government is also working with provincial and territorial partners toward a pan-Canadian framework on Clean Growth and Climate Change. Canada is investing in clean technology projects that address climate change, air quality, clean water and clean soil, including $2 billion in a Low Carbon Economy Fund.
The Government of Canada is undertaking to renew - nation-to-nation - the relationship between Canada and Indigenous peoples, based on recognition of rights, respect, cooperation and partnership. Over the next five years, Canada will invest $8.4 billion in Indigenous people and their communities, including $2 billion in water and wastewater infrastructure and drinking water monitoring on reserves.
Canada is committed to implementing the 2030 Agenda – both internationally and at home.
CHINA
As the largest developing countries in the world, China has always place development as the first priority. The 13th Five-Year Plan was reviewed and approved by the Fourth Session of the 12th National People's Congress in March 2016, defining the development concept featuring innovative, coordinated, green, open, and shared development.
China attaches great importance to implementation of the 2030 Agenda and believes that the principles of Peaceful Development, Win-win Cooperation, Integration and Coordination, Inclusiveness and Openness, Sovereignty and Voluntary Action, as well as "Common but Differentiated Responsibilities", should be followed in building a new type of international relations featuring win-win cooperation, establishing all-round partnership, and achieving economic, social and environmental development in a balanced manner. Countries should be encouraged to formulate their domestic development strategies and take measures to implement the 2030 Agenda in accordance with national conditions and respective characteristics, while the means of implementation should be allowed to be differentiated, due to diversified national conditions and respective capabilities.
China has defined 9 key areas to be prioritized in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda and has linked its implementation with domestic mid-and-long term development strategies. The domestic coordination mechanism for the implementation, comprised of 43 government departments, has been established to guarantee the implementation. Great efforts has been be made to publicize the 2030 Agenda nationwide in order to mobilize domestic resources, raise public awareness, and creating favorable social environment for the implementation. China will also strengthen inter-sector policy coordination, review and revise relevant laws and regulations to provide policy and legislative guarantee for the implementation. In the next 5 years, China is determined to lift all the 55.75 million rural residents living below the current poverty line out of poverty, and to double its GDP and people's per capita income of 2010. China has already released the Position Paper on the Implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which reflects China's views on the principles, priorities, policies and progress made in the implementation of the 2030 agenda. The position paper has been circulated as an UN General Assembly document to member states in April. China will also issue its national plan of implementing the 2030 Agenda this year and share its development experience with other countries.
China will continue to actively take part in global development cooperation. It has provided support for more than 120 developing countries in achieving MDGs. In the future, China will deepen South-South cooperation to help other developing countries to implement the 2030 Agenda. China is currently implementing the measures announced by President Xi Jinping during his attendance at UN Summits Marking the 70th Anniversary, providing other developing countries with support in financing, technology and capacity building. China is making preparations for the Assistance Fund for South-South Cooperation, which will be put into operation as soon as possible. The Academy of South-South Cooperation and Development has been established and starts global enrollment in 2016, which will provide developing countries with opportunities for doctor's degree and master's degree education training. China has signed agreements on China-UN Peace and Development Fund with the UN and the fund will be put into operation in 2016 to finance projects concerning peace and development. China will carry forward the Belt and Road Initiative and promote the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and the New Development Bank and other institutions to play greater roles with a view to making contribution to global development.

EUROPEAN UNION
The EU strongly welcomes the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The 2030 Agenda offers a positive vision for the next 15 years for the whole international community, underpinned with concrete goals and targets. The universality and integrated character of the Agenda means these are shared goals, with responsibilities for countries at all levels of development. The EU wants to make the 2030 Agenda a success, through EU policies and actions. Many of the agenda's goals and targets are closely linked to EU policies, the ten priorities of the Commission and the Europe 2020 strategy.
A wide range of EU policies and actions are already contributing towards the 2030 Agenda. These include, for example, our path towards a circular economy (including also action on the food waste and marine pollution SDGs), the Energy Union, resource efficiency, the European pillar of social rights, our collective commitment (for the EU and its Member States) to achieve the UN target of 0.7% of gross national income as official development assistance within the lifetime of the 2030 Agenda, trade measures in favour of least developed countries, the reformed Common Fisheries Policy and the EU's stand against Illegal Unreported and Unregulated fishing, the reformed Common Agricultural Policy and abolition of agricultural export subsidies, the Strategic Engagement for gender equality (2016-2019), the EU's activities on Corporate Social Responsibility, the follow-up to the Paris Climate Agreement and our external assistance programmes. The systematic inclusion of trade and sustainable development provisions in our trade agreements supports positive action towards the Sustainable Development Goals with our partner countries.
In addition, later this year the European Commission will present a Communication mapping out the EU policies contributing to the implementation of the SDGs and identifying the coherence between them.
The Global Strategy for the European Union's Foreign and Security was presented by the High Representative of the European Union for Foreign and Security Policy and Vice President of the European Commission Federica Mogherini at the European Council at the end of June. The Strategy refers to the EU leading by example by implementing its commitments on sustainable development. The Strategy notes the 2030 Agenda will inform the EU's relations with the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States following the expiry of the Cotonou Partnership Agreement. The 2030 Agenda will also drive reform in the EU's development policy.
The EU is actively contributing to the setting up of an SDG monitoring system at global, regional and national level. Eurostat is participating in the development of a global indicator framework and the development of monitoring at regional level.
FRANCE
Institutional arrangements
The Ministry of Environment, Energy and the Sea (MEES), which is also in charge of sustainable development, coordinates the national implementation of the 2030 Agenda, in close cooperation with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Development, which is responsible for external action. The inter-ministerial delegate for sustainable development, under the authority of the Prime minister, who is also Commissioner General for sustainable development within the MEES, coordinates inter-ministerial actions through a network of senior officers for sustainable development appointed by each ministry. All ministries have the primary responsibility for their own contributions to implementing the 2030 Agenda in their respective policy fields.
The implementation process will be participatory and inclusive, closely involving stakeholders mainly through two existing multi-stakeholder platforms: the National council for development and international solidarity (Conseil national du développement et de la solidaritéinternationale, CNDSI) and the National council for ecological transition (Conseil national de transition écologique, CNTE) respectively for the external part for France's action and for the domestic implementation. Given the breadth of the 2030 Agenda, specific efforts will be made to involve a broader range of stakeholders, notably from the social and educational sectors.
Implementation framework
The implementation framework will build on the national strategy of ecological transition towards sustainable development 2015-2020 as well as the national reform program, which is the French transposition of Europe 2020, the European Union's ten-year jobs and growth strategy.
Regarding international development policy, France's development strategy defined by the law on development policy and international solidarity adopted in July 2014, had already anticipated the main conclusions of Agenda 2030, Addis Ababa Action Agenda and Paris Agreement on climate change, insisting on the link between the fight against extreme poverty and sustainable development, the integration of the three dimensions of sustainable development and on the cross-cutting nature of the fight against climate change and gender equality in France's development aid policy.
First steps and perspectives
The implementation process was launched by Ségolène Royal, Minister of Environment, Energy and the Sea, and AndréVallini, Minister of State for Development and Francophonie, during a multi-stakeholder workshop organized on June 6th and 7th. Over 100 representatives of NGOs, private sector, unions, ministries, local authorities as well as parliament members discussed a qualitative overview of the national situation and contributed to identify strengths, challenges, good practices and innovative solutions with respect to each sustainable development goal (SDG). The workshop also provided inputs on the overall implementation process. An advisory committee of high level experts and scientists was also created to provide a global, integrated and forward looking perspective on the national implementation of the 2030 Agenda. In parallel, a public consultation on the SDGs has been launched on the Internet to complement the results of the inaugural multi-stakeholder workshop.
The results of the workshop and the public consultation have informed the national voluntary review that France has presented at the High Level Political Forum at the United Nations in July 2016.
Stakeholder participation will be expanded via a set of territorial multi-stakeholder workshops that will take place in autumn 2016 and will contribute to localizing the 2030 Agenda, including in oversea territories.
In the educational field, several upcoming events in France will be dedicated to the SDGs, such as the next edition of the FOREDD (the forum of resources for education to sustainable development) in Amiens or the international geography festival in Saint-Diéles Vosges.
France's development and international solidarity policy in developing countries will also reflect the international commitments to achieve the SDGs. In this new framework, France will increase its international financing in favor of sustainable development to 4 billion euros by 2020. Moreover, France's effort in grants will increase by nearly 400 million euros by 2020.
GERMANY
Germany is fully committed to implementing the 2030 Agenda. Within the framework of the G20, the German Federal Government is pushing for comprehensive implementation of the Agenda, and is encouraging all member states to engage more strongly at national level, for example through national sustainable development strategies.
Germany considers the HLPF to play an important role in the global review architecture of the 2030-Agenda, and for this reason participated in the first national voluntary review session at the HLPF 2016 in New York. The national report presented was compiled by the Government in close consultation with civil society and private sector actors.
The globally agreed targets and indicators serve as orientation for the national set of targets and indicators, the latter will be modified to match the German context. Germany also considers the global and planetary impacts of domestic actions and contributes to resolving global and transformative challenges in its National Sustainable Development Strategy.
Sustainable development is a guiding principle of the policies pursued by the Federal Government. Germany's National Sustainable Development Strategy is guided by the principles of international responsibility, inter-generational equity, quality of life and social cohesion, and has established the architecture and mechanisms for its monitoring and regular updates/revisions. The Federal Chancellery is leading a process to revise this Strategy in order to adapt it to the transformative 2030 Agenda by the end of 2016. For this reason, the Federal Government has set up a broad consultation process including civil society stakeholders, academia, the business sector and other experts. The German experience is that transparent and inclusive participation of civil society are key to ensure broad ownership and engagement in sustainable development processes.
Departmental reports, which are presented to the State Secretaries' Committee on Sustainable Development, reveal the specific ways in which ministries address sustainable development issues, and form the basis for discussions within the Committee. The Federal Statistical Office publishes an independent report on the status of the sustainability indicators once every two years. The Federal Government reports to the public once every four years on the progress made in the implementation of the Strategy during that time.
Parliamentary Advisory Council on Sustainable Development, composed of 17 members of the Parliament, provides parliamentary advice, and evaluates the sustainability impact assessment of the Federal Government.
In order to benefit from external expertise, the German government put in place the German Council for Sustainable Development in 2001. This Council advises the Federal Government on all matters relating to sustainable development. It works independently and tables proposals on how the Strategy should move forward.
With regards to international development cooperation, the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ), taking the 2030 Agenda as guideline, will align its support to partner countries with the implementation of the agenda in partner countries and support them in aligning its national policies to the agenda.
Germany is committed to support the broad range of Means of Implementation (MoI) defined by the AAAA including mobilization of domestic and private resources as well as the provision of ODA to complement national efforts, especially in the poorest and most vulnerable countries. This applies also to areas addressed by non-financial MoI, such as trade, science, technology, innovation and capacity building.
In this context, policy coherence at all levels is of particular importance to the German Government.
INDIA
India takes its own role in G-20 and in making possible the achievement of SDGs seriously. With one-sixth of the world's population and considerable ‘development deficit', India today is also among the fastest growing major economies and one with an ambitious program to tackle climate change. This places India at the centre-stage of efforts towards the achievement of SDGs.
In India National Institution for Transforming India (NITI) Aayog, the think tank constituted by the Government of India, in January 2015 and chaired by Prime Minister, has been assigned the role to oversee implementation of 2030 Agenda. A mapping of various Central Government Ministries against each Agenda 2030 Goal and Target has been carried out by NITI Aayog to ensure inclusive participation and faster implementation of SDGs, and Ministries have come forward with their full support for raising awareness of public towards 2030 Agenda.
NITI Aayog has also undertaken an exercise of Monitoring of Action Plans and Roadmaps of implementation being prepared by all Central Government Ministries. This monitoring exercise is being parallely conducted by NITI Aayog with policy discussion and outcome budget discussions for implementation of the 2030 Agenda to ensure internalization of the Agenda as the guiding principle right from the formative stage. Moreover, the institution is also assigned the task to approve and monitor outcome budgets of the Ministries to steer implementation of programmes in line with Agenda 2030.
Further, regular interactions are being held with stakeholders on implementation of SDGs, to ensure coherence in policy across sectors and states.A dedicated Central Ministry for Local Self Government, with corresponding state level ministries and local self-governments at grass root level, is facilitating the involvement of all the stakeholders in the process.
The flagship schemes of the Government of India such as the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana for Financial inclusion, Make in India, Smart cities mission, Start-Up India, Digital India, the ‘Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao' programme for gender equality and initiatives like programmes to achieve ‘Housing for All', ‘Power for All', ‘Clean India Mission', a big push to road connectivity, including to all rural habitations above threshold population, are in sync with the SDG 2030 Agenda.
The implementation of the 2030 Agenda will be financed through the regular national budget cycle and allocation. In the recently presented national budget for 2016-17, focus is on agriculture and infrastructure, which would help achieve various goals. There is earmarked devolution of funds for the local self-government bodies.
Government of India through NITI Aayog and the Ministry of Statistics & Programme Implementation (MoSPI) is putting methodologies and mechanisms in place to assess, analyze and report progress and periodic achievements through indicators being evolved by MoSPI. This strategy would assist in formulating the G20 action plan that would be completely consistent with the UN level reporting processes and would be facilitative of the processes for Central follow up and review by the UN high level political forum.
This being the first year of implementation of Agenda 2030 national action plans will be further aligned in the coming months.
INDONESIA
Indonesia actively engaged in the process of formulation of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) initiative from the beginning through active participation in the UN Task team since 2012, as one of the High Level of Eminent Person in 2013, member of the open working group among 30 nations on SDGs, and declared its committment to implement the 2030 Agenda in September 2015.

The Government of Indonesia followed the SDGs declaration in the follow-up process by engaging multi-stakeholders (CSOs and media, Philanthropies and businesses, as well as academia) for developing the legal framework for the SDGs implementation, developing technical guidelines (action plan, monitoring and reporting, communication), promoting and disseminating SDGs to all stakeholders and public at national and sub-national level and thus strengthening the roles of all stakeholders to implement SDGs at national and sub-national level. Indonesia is ensuring that all stakeholders will be involved in all processes to implement SDGs by synergizing and orchestrating joint efforts and contributions to achieve all goals progressively and substantially.
Since 2012 Indonesia has started to be involved in the Global discussions on the Sustainable Development Agenda. This global process of the 2030 Agenda was completely in line with the national process to formulate the National Development Plan 2015-2019, whereas the Post-2015 Development Agenda has become one of the references for the Plan. Furthermore, Indonesia significantly contributed to producing the Agenda itself. Hence, in the Indonesian context, SDGs ́implementation is one of the substantial parts of the national development agenda.
Indonesia has done a brave and substantial step in fiscal reform by removing the economically and environmentally costly regressive fuel subsidy. By resharping the main direction of financing development is now to transform a formerly consumptive into productive economy and hereby effectively and efficiently alleviating intergenerational poverty in all dimensions, as well as reducing inequality among citizens and regions to ensure that no one is left behind. This is not only a substantial and solid foundation for Indonesia in achieving development progressively, but also fulfilling goals of SDGs significantly.
Indonesia is in the process of developing the SDGs national and sub-national action plan (2016–2019), the SDGs Roadmap for 2016–2030, a SDGs database, a monitoring, evaluation and reporting mechanism, communication and advocacy strategies, and capacity building for the sub-national level.
To ensure availability and sustainability of the financing for SDGs, Indonesia has secured the budgeting for SDGs within the national development planning (RPJMN). Furthermore, the budget availability it is also guaranteed on the basis of the Presidential Decree on SDGs. To increase the feasibility and availability of budget, Indonesia has applied several fiscal policies to mobilize domestic resources and applied several measures to curb tax evasion and avoidance at national and global level.
Indonesia has already developed and implemented policies to mitigate the potential risks to achieve SDGs in the future, such as adaptation and mitigation of the climate change action plan, the human rights action plan, anti-corruption action plan, disaster management action plan, financial tracking and tagging mechanism, national action plan on food and nutrition.
ITALY
Italy is actively engaged in the process for the definition of the national strategy, and related mechanisms, to implement 2030 Agenda.
The Government is concentrating on the definition of a strategic framework capable of including all goals and targets and their interlinkages. In doing so, Italy will consider the SDGs in their integrated and indivisible nature, respecting those principles that are at the heart of the 2030 Agenda and that make it so unique.
The Government has already promoted reforms and other provisions, among others in the areas of poverty, employment, rule of law and education that are very much consistent with the SDGs and it is preparing a national Green Act that will thoroughly revisit our internal environmental regulation. Recently it has also adopted a provision to review the national sustainable development Strategy that will be a building block in the coming years for the implementation process at national level.
To build a coherent Plan that connects internal growth with the objectives of global sustainable development, Italy is also waiting for the decisions that will be taken at the EU level for the internal application of the Agenda.
In the spirit of the 2030 Agenda, all Italian actors are mobilizing.
The Chamber of Deputies of the Italian Parliament has established a 2030 Agenda Committee that will soon promote a survey on is implementation and the Parliament itself is promoting innovative legislation that is very much a direct contribution to the SDGs.
Civil Society too is mobilizing.
Among the SDG-related initiatives there are: the ASviS – Italian Alliance for Sustainable Development, launched in March 2016, which is expected to guarantee the participation of multiple stakeholders from the civil society in the discussions to plan the 2030 Agenda implementation and the Italian Net of the Sustainable Development Solutions Network that has also the objective of raising awareness of the academic community towards sustainable development challenges.
As far as the "external dimension" of the 2030 Agenda application is concerned, the recent reform of the Italian Cooperation - Law 125/2014 already anticipated some features of the 2030 Agenda, in particular the involvement of non-governmental stakeholders through the National Council for Development Cooperation (CNCS), a multi-stakeholder body, which involves NGOs and the private sector in the definition of strategic priorities (within this Council, a specific working group on Agenda 2030 was created).
The "Triennial Programming Document on Development Cooperation", introduced by the reform, is being review to gradually adapt it to the Sustainable Development Goals and contributes to the domestic coherence in the action of supporting developing countries in the implementation of the Agenda. In this context, the review is also extended to the Italian strategy in the traditional sectors identified by the SDGs to apply a more integrated vision that the Agenda 2030 requires. In connection with the adoption of the new framework for sustainable development Italy has joined the Addis Tax Initiative (ATI) to improve domestic revenue mobilisation in partner countries and the Global Partnership for Sustainable Data which goal is to strengthen the statistical capabilities in partner countries.
The Italian government has also decided a substantial increase of ODA for the triennium 2016-2018.
JAPAN
Based on a long track record of having achieved sustainable development both at home and abroad, Japan is taking further steps domestically and internationally as follows, in order to fully implement the 2030 Agenda, leaving no one behind.
(National Implementation Framework and Guiding Principles)
On May 20, 2016, the SDGs Promotion Headquarters was launched in the Cabinet as a new national implementation framework to ensure a whole-of-government approach. Headed by Prime Minister and attended by all Ministers, this entity will serve as a control tower to implement, monitor and review the efforts of the Government to implement the 2030 Agenda.
Moreover, as specific guidelines that will lead efforts by relevant Ministries, the Headquarters are now formulating the SDGs Implementing Guiding Principles. The Principles will establish a vision, priority areas, specific policies and follow-up mechanisms, and thereby enable the Government to mobilize a wide range of policies and resources in an effective and coherent manner.
Taking multi-stakeholder approach
Building on our efforts to date, such as a national-level stakeholders' meeting by the Ministry of the Environment to share lessons and advanced cases on environment-related SDGs across the country, the Headquarters will further explore how to ensure enhanced partnership with a broader set of multiple stakeholders, including NGOs, CSOs, the private sector, academia, international organizations and others.
In addition, to raise awareness and understanding of the 2030 Agenda in broader public, the Government of Japan is making utmost efforts to reach people across the country through various media such as the Government's website, internet TV, white papers, symposium and others.
(Supporting global implementation of the 2030 Agenda)
Japan is also taking proactive steps to support the global implementation of the 2030 Agenda with various initiatives across sectors. We are doing so by applying the Development Cooperation Charter, which we have already revised taking the SDGs into account, as a compass, and by adopting the concept of human security as a guiding principle.
On quality infrastructure investment, Japan took the lead to introduce the "G7 Ise-shima Principles for Promoting Quality Infrastructure Investment" in order to share five major principles with the international community. Moreover, as Japan's own commitment, we announced our initiative, "Expanded Partnership for Quality Infrastructure", which aims to provide around 200 billion US dollars over the next five years to infrastructure projects across the world.
Regarding global health, Japan led the announcement of the "G7 Ise-shima Vision for Global Health". Additionally, Japan decided to provide support of around 1.1 billion US dollars to international health organizations.
We have also taken bold steps in the direction of women and gender issues, disaster risk reduction, education, ICT, agriculture, food security and nutrition, and others.
Apart from these sector-specific commitments, further utilization of various development financing resources including domestic resources, private finance and official development assistance is also key. We will also pursue the further mainstreaming of the SDGs into the implementation processes of our development cooperation.
Science, technology and innovation (STI) is another driving force to achieve a sustainable society. We will enhance our cooperation in this area in close partnership with academia and other STI communities, taking into account evolving efforts at the international level.
(Leading efforts in the international arena)
In achieving SDGs globally, various international fora can also play important roles with their own expertise. At the G7 Ise-shima Summit hosted by Japan this May, leaders committed to take ambitious domestic actions and also support developing countries' efforts to implement the Agenda. They also developed their commitment to achieve strong, sustainable and balanced growth in various areas such as world economy, trade, infrastructure, health, women, cyber, anti-corruption, climate change, energy, migration and refugees and others. As the Presidency, Japan vigorously took leadership in this whole process. In August, Japan and African countries convened the Sixth Tokyo International Conference for African Development (TICAD VI) for the first time in Africa. To help embody the 2030 Agenda on African soil, Japan committed to invest for the future of Africa through implementing measures centering on developing quality infrastructure, building resilient health systems and laying foundations for peace and stability, amounting to approx. USD 30 billion under public-private partnership.
MEXICO
Mexico is building on its experience on the national coordination for the follow-up of the MDGs, its statistics capacity and its expertise on public policy evaluation. For the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the Mexican Government established institutional mechanisms for the follow up and implementation of the SDGs. On February 2016, the Specialized Technical Committee on the Sustainable Development Goals (CTEODS in Spanish) was formally created. The Committee is mandated to revise and adjust the indicators recommended by the UN to the Mexican context; agree on the sources of information for monitoring purposes at the national and subnational levels; coordinate regular update of indicators and their publication as open data; manage the pilot, open source platform for the SDGs; integrate progress reports, and coordinate with other stakeholders. The open- code platform based on the information system for monitoring the MDGs will offer updated georeferenced data at national and local levels, and provide tools for the review and monitoring of the 2030 Agenda.
Mexico believes that the engagement of all stakeholders will be crucial for the accomplishment of the SDGs; therefore, we have undertaken dialogues and consultations with parliamentarians and local authorities, as well as civil society, academia, philanthropic foundations, and others. The Mexican Agency for International Development Cooperation (AMEXCID), recently launched the "Partnership for Sustainability", a strategic collaboration platform with the private sector, in order to promote sustainable development projects to contribute to the 2030 Agenda.
The Mexican Government will create a High Level Council for the achievement of the SDGs, chaired by the Office of the Presidency and integrated by all the national institutions with responsibility in the definition, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of public policies relevant to the 2030 Agenda; as well as responsibilities to ensure horizontal and vertical policy coherence. The work plan of the Council will include analyses of current public policies with regard to the SDGs, priority setting, strategies for multi-stakeholder engagement; mechanisms of coordination with local authorities, as well as the role of international cooperation for development.
Development cooperation to support other developing countries in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda
Mexico has a dual role in the development cooperation architecture; it is both a recipient and provider of international development cooperation. The priority region for the Mexican cooperation is Central America and the Caribbean. The Mexican Agency for International Development Cooperation (AMEXCID) is responsible for the coordination and integration of the Program of International Cooperation for Development. By law, this program should guarantee coherence with international agreements, such as the 2030 Agenda and thus, the SDGs.
AMEXCID adjusted its development cooperation information systems and built in markers to identify each development cooperation project with the SDG and indicator it intends to contribute. The monitoring process of the MDGs is one of the best practices Mexico has already shared with other countries, under the modality of South-South cooperation, contributing to the strengthening of statistical capacities, particularly in Central America and the Caribbean, where Mexico provided support for the design, management, follow up and awareness of the MDG in the region.
REPUBLIC OF KOREA
Policies and Enabling Environment for Sustainable Development Goals
The Korean government has continued its efforts to incorporate sustainable development concepts into its national and international development strategies since the Earth Summit in 1992, and the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development revitalized our commitment to achieving sustainable development. In January 2016, the Third National Basic Plan for Sustainable Development, which is updated every five years, was established by consultations with 26 government ministries and agencies. The Third Plan envisions a "harmonized development of the environment, society, and economy." It also outlines 14 strategic targets around four overarching goal areas including: healthy land; integrated and safe society; inclusive creative economy; and global prosperity.
Furthermore, Korea has been implementing 140 policy goals within the framework of the 140 Government Policy and Governance Tasks (herein the Tasks). The Tasks include 42 economic development, 52 social development, 13 environment, and 23 governance associated goals. The government has developed policies to achieve these tasks in a way to create synergies with the SDGs. In addition, the Three Year Plan for Economic Innovation which aims at reforming the public sector, promoting a creative economy and boosting domestic demand is targeting SDGs that are mainly associated with social and economic development.
Also, Korea is paying special attention to the gender equality issue. The Framework Act on Gender Equality (2015) and the Act on Promotion of Economic Activities of Career-Interrupted Women (2010) are in effect. Last but not least, the government has established a series of laws and policy proposals to respond to the ageing population in Korea, particularly those addressing social and economic insecurity of people in various stages of their life course. They include the Plan for Ageing Society and Population (2015), the Framework Act on Low Fertility and Population Ageing (2014), and the Law for Promoting the Elderly Friendly Industries (2013).
The framework of existing government policies and plans, despite their direct and indirect relationship to the SDGs, was mainly established before the adoption of SDGs and therefore needs to be fine-tuned accordingly to incorporate SDGs. The government is making efforts to mainstream the SDGs so that the government policies can address integrated and indivisible SDGs goals and targets with full attention to trade-offs, synergies and complementarities among social, economic and environmental goals.
In that context, the Office for Government Policy Coordination (OGPC), MOFA, and MOE together with Statistics Korea that are playing a main role in mainstreaming the SDGs, have recently begun mapping exercises to identify existing laws, rules, regulations and policies conducive to achieving the SDGs. In parallel, Statistics Korea is conducting a SDG indicator analysis to identify the relevant targets of the SDGs to the national context. This analysis will lay the foundation for the modification of national sustainable development indicators so as to ensure the availability of solid, disaggregated data for monitoring and evaluating the progress of SDG implementation in Korea.
Korea's Contributions to the Revitalization of Global Partnership
To contribute to the revitalization of global partnerships to ensure the implementation of the SDGs, the Korean government established the Second Mid-term ODA Policy 2016 - 2020 (herein the Second Policy), which goes beyond the provision of specific means to meet the sectoral needs towards the integrated and inclusive approach to achieve the SDGs and enhance the effectiveness of development cooperation.
For instance, the government has established a new decision making process to better align various development projects in a more coherent and concentrated manner. In an effort to strengthen strategic cooperation between development cooperation agencies that are respectively in charge of grants and concessional loans projects, the government has established a consultative mechanism between OGPC, MOFA, and Ministry of Strategy and Finance (MOSF) and government aid agencies such as Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) and EXIM Bank.
In order to guarantee systematic evaluation of ODA programs, the government has established a new mechanism to check the contribution of projects with regard to achieving SDGs. From this year, each ministry and agency carrying out various ODA projects are requested to specify the SDGs goals and targets that are relevant to the particular projects submitted. At least 70% of the projects submitted had close relevance to achieving SDGs.
In an effort to maximize synergies between diverse actors of both public and non-governmental sectors, the government has established the principle of "Inclusive ODA" and facilitated the participation of the private sector via the Academy Partnership Program, Business Partnership Program (BPP), Civil Society Partnership Program, and Creative Technology Solution.
The Second Policy particularly emphasizes the efforts of Korean international development cooperation to address areas such as education, health, science and technology, and rural development where the ROK's own experience can create comparative advantages. Such efforts are represented by the president's initiatives for development cooperation which include: the Better Life for Girls Initiative; the Safe Life for All Initiative; the Science, Technology and Innovation for Better Life Initiative; and the knowledge and experience sharing of Saemaul Undong. These Initiatives address the most vulnerable through the intervention in key areas of sustainable development particularly the Goals 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and 17.

Means of Implementation
ODA should remain as an important development resource in the SDGs era, especially for poor and vulnerable countries with special needs. As such, Korea will continue to increase its ODA. Korea's second mid-term ODA policy (2016-2020) states that the government will aim at increasing the total volume of ODA so that it reaches 0.2% of GNI by 2020. The current level is at 0.14%. Korea also supports the Addis Ababa Action Agenda (AAAA) which provides a comprehensive framework to maximize the potential of all development actors and resources for financing sustainable development. Also, Korea has been actively engaging in various initiatives and activities to promote collective efforts. In this regard, Korea is taking part in the Addis Tax Initiatives and it has continued to provide assistance to developing countries to modernize their tax administration system and build capacity.
RUSSIA
Russia is strongly committed to add value to the global efforts in the implementation process of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development (Agenda 2030) and achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), taking into account the principles and approaches set out in Addis Ababa Action Agenda on financing for development.
Russia is still in the process of the incorporation of Agenda 2030 and SDGs in the national policies and programs, both domestically and internationally. The intergovernmental process is in place, with the participation of the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation and in collaboration with a variety of thematic Russian ministries and agencies with a view to prepare the newsletter on the ongoing and further measures that are incorporated in national policies of the Russian Federation in order to achieve the SDGs. The work is undergoing to establish a list of existing Russian policy documents, strategies, public programs and activities aimed at achieving the SDGs at the domestic level, as well as in the context of international development assistance. At the moment, there is a process of identification of incorporated SDGs in the Russia's laws, rules and regulations that already exist, as well as their possible incorporation to the new government policy documents, strategies and programs.
In the area of international development assistance the SDGs mapping exercise is taking place. The existing and planned for the implementation programs are assessed in order to respond to Agenda 2030 targets and goals. Also the preparation process of new projects and programs is aligned with the set of SDGs.
Russia's Federal State Statistics Agency will be leading on the monitoring framework of the SDGs implementation. At this moment the intergovernmental consultation process is in place for identifying the responsible government bodies for the specific indicators and exploring the usage of the set of global indicators and the comparability to them of national statistical information and indicators, in order to ensure the availability of appropriate data for monitoring the progress of SDG implementation.
SAUDI ARABIA
The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has recently launched the Vision 2030, which aims to improve citizens' lives, promote economic growth and strengthen a nation that is effectively governed and responsibly enabled. The strategic development goals of the Vision 2030 are fundamentally aligned with the overarching aim of the 2030 Agenda. Forums, workshops and seminars across the country have effectively engaged the population to raise public awareness and ownership of the Vision 2030 and to align its strategic goals with those of the SDGs. The lunch of the Vision was accompanied by a participative communication strategy, which includes the development of a comprehensive website to communicate the Vision's strategic pillars and measurable goals to the public. In addition, line ministries have rolled out individual outreach campaigns.
The Vision 2030 provides the basis and mandate to successfully incorporating the SDGs into the national planning process, taking into account national circumstances. The National Transformation Program 2020 will be the starting point to implement the strategic orientation of the vision 2030. To this end, a plethora of initiatives have already been implemented (teleworking, numerous vocational training programs and gender equity programs, to name a few). The specific goals under these programs align perfectly with the SDG goals of promoting sustained, inclusive and sustainable economic growth, and full and productive employment and decent work. Overall, the strategic priorities of Vision 2030 ensures that the Vision will strive to achieve core tenets of the SDGs catered to the Saudi context.
Many Forums, workshops and seminars have been conducted to encourage the involvement of local/provincial administrators and representatives in the development of 2030 Vision. The National Transformation Plan (which will help achieve the aims of the Vision) will involve public, private and non-profit sectors in the rolling-out of an integrated governance model established by the Council of Ministers. The Vision will, among others, promote the role of civil society in Saudi Arabia through the encouragement of non-governmental organizations and special interest organizations. Indeed, this process has started across the Kingdom. For example, the recent merger of the Ministry of Labor and the Ministry of Social Affairs into the Ministry of Labor and Social Development will ensure that labor policies will be effectively combined with programs and social benefit initiatives that involve large sections of the population, as well as promoting civil society. The Saudi government strongly believes that a strong civil society will strengthen partnerships across the populace and aid in the successful implementation of the SDGs. The Saudi academic institutions too will continue to play their role in research, technology development and training. In addition, the Vision intends to provide better opportunities for partnerships with the private sector to realize its strategic objectives.
The implementation of Vision 2030 foresees the deployment of multiple government initiatives and goals. Accordingly, ministries, institutions, and government entities have undergone a restructuring process to align themselves to the requirements of the Vision. According to the National Transformation Plan 2020, the institutional dimension is considered a fundamental aspect in the implementation and the follow-up processes. In fact, the cooperation among agencies and government entities will be critical in ensuring that progress is monitored and key milestones are met in a timely and efficient manner. Only through inter-agency cooperation to truly filter policies down to the sub-national and local levels. Indeed, the Kingdom has already started to conceptualize and implement specific initiatives within the Vision that will contribute to the achievement of the SDGs.
As the Kingdom sets out to diversify its economy away from its traditional income sources, a number of fiscal measures are being implemented on both revenue and expenditure sides to create the fiscal space to finance the specific initiatives outlined in the Vision, which would also support the achievement of the SDGs. The Kingdom will continue to promote the sustainable development not only within its own borders but also in low income and developing countries through the Saudi development and aid programs.
Regular reviews will be carried out to track the progress of the fulfilment of the Vision's goals, which are firmly aligned to the core tenets of the SDGs. Progress will be gauged from municipal, regional as well as the national levels. This multi-level accountability mechanism, supported by a modern dashboard, will ensure that initiatives are carried out and are well coordinated.
Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 accounts for potential implementation risks. As mentioned, a cross-sectoral monitoring mechanism will ensure that any potential risks are identified early and dealt with accordingly. An early warning system is being prepared. Then, corrective measures could be taken at the opportune moment.

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has long been a provider of aid and development financing to developing countries, especially regional neighbors. Many of the projects supported by the Saudi Fund for Development directly generate economic activity that can contribute to promoting the SDGs in client countries. Similarly, Saudi aid programs provide grants and concessional funding to poor countries and those facing external shocks. It can be safely assumed that recipient countries' use of such funding contribute to the achievement of the SDGs.
SOUTH AFRICA
South Africa's National Development Plan (NDP) is aligned with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and provides the vehicle for South Africa's implementation of the SDGs. The NDP aims to eliminate poverty and reduce inequality in South Africa by 2030. In this regard, the South African Government's programme of action, among other, is focussed on:
- Decent employment through inclusive growth;
- A skilled and capable workforce to support an inclusive growth path;
- An efficient, competitive and responsive economic infrastructure network; and - Create a better South Africa and contribute to a better Africa and a better world.
South Africa's National Development Plan (NDP), which serves as the vehicle for implementing the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, engages all Government agencies at the National, Provincial and Municipal Government levels. It also entails engagement with the private sector, labour and civil society.
Public messaging pertaining to the implementation of the SDGs have been reflected in relevant and related public statements by Political Principals. Meetings have also been held with the civil society stakeholders. Intra-governmental meetings have also been held with a view to mainstreaming the SDGs into Government's programme of action in the developmental sphere.
The Ministry of Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation (DPME) in the Presidency has the primary responsibility for ensuring the horizontal and vertical policy coherence in the implementation of South Africa's National Development Plan (NDP) and its Medium Term Strategy Framework. A variety of other policy mechanisms are also used to ensure coherence across all spheres of Government. These mechanisms include the annual State of the Nation Address (SONA), the annual Budget Speech, the Medium Term Strategic Framework (MTSF), and Medium Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF). Regular consultations with Provincial and Municipal Governments are also part of the process driven by DPME. Clustering of Government Departments to coordinate and implement the outcomes also enables inter-sectoral collaboration.
South Africa is well positioned for the implementation of the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda due to the alignment between the SDGs and the NDP. Whilst further refinement is ongoing, to a large extent the National Development Plan (NDP) and its implementation strategy (the MTSF) is financed and supported through the National Budget.
South Africa utilises its African Renaissance and International Cooperation Fund (ARF) to support developing countries. The fund was established through legislation to enhance cooperation between South Africa and other countries, in particular African countries, through the promotion of democracy; good governance; the prevention and resolution of conflict; socio-economic development and integration; humanitarian assistance; and human resource development. South Africa is committed to contributing towards addressing the needs of the African continent and efforts are underway to finalise the operationalization of the South African Development Partnership Agency (SADPA), following the President's Proclamation which was gazetted in 2013.
South Africa is inter-alia a partner in, and contributes to, the Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa (BRICS) New Development Bank, the Africa Development Bank and the Perez Guerrero Trust Fund (PGTF) of the Group of 77 (G77). South Africa also contributes to the India, Brazil, South Africa (IBSA) Trust Fund which supports socio-economic development in countries of the South.
TURKEY
In Turkey, the National Development Plan is the guiding document for all macro-level national policies and priorities. Turkey introduced the concept of sustainability into its Seventh National Development Plan in 1996 following the 1992 Rio Conference. The outcomes of the 2012 Rio+20 Conference have been integrated into Turkey's Tenth National Development Plan covering the period 2014-2018. A main axis of the Tenth National Development Plan is sustainability. The Tenth Development Plan, which is based on the "human-centered development" approach, has a high level of complementarity with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Turkey has a Sustainable Development Coordination Commission (SDCC) coordinated by the Ministry of Development. The Commission will have a central role in the follow-up and review process of the SDGs. SDCC will be strengthened and expanded in line with its overall coordinating role, taking into account the comprehensive nature of the 2030 Agenda.
The following key actions are planned for the implementation phase of the SDGs in Turkey:
Subject to the coordination role of the Ministry of Development and the guiding role of the National Development Plans, the implementation of the SDGs will be the shared responsibility of all Ministries. The SDGs will be integrated into all relevant strategy and policy documents at central and local levels. The Ministry of Development, as the coordination body for developing national plans, programs and investment budget will closely follow the process and ensure vertical and horizontal policy coordination.
The SDGs will provide the central input when designing the long term vision of the upcoming Eleventh National Development Plan and will be taken into account in drafting the Plan.
Considering governance and strong institutional capacity as the fourth pillar of sustainable development, Turkey will give high priority to partnerships for capacity building and empowering respective institutions.
Turkey intends to develop a review framework that is in conformity with the UN framework of monitoring and review. National SDG Review Reports are expected to be prepared on a 4-yearly basis, taking into account the High Level Political Forum agenda.
Turkish Statistics Institute will have the central role for the monitoring of the 2030 Agenda based on global SDG indicators. Turkey will adjust its current national sustainable development indicator set in light of the SDGs' global indicators and according to national priorities and capabilities. National Statistics Office of Turkey, following closely the work of the UN on the indicators, will shortly program the steps for analyzing and filling the data gap. For strengthening capacity, Turkey will implement projects for new data collection and for administrative records.
For raising public awareness of the 2030 Agenda, capacity building programs, training and workshops will be carried out at different levels. The priority target population for SDGs communication will be the government officials that are responsible for reporting the developments in SDGs implementation. The general public's understanding of SDGs is planned to be supported through public advertisements, e-bulletins and Turkish SDGs web site.
Turkey is an emerging donor in international development cooperation. Its Official Development Assistance (ODA) has increased considerably in recent years. This trend is expected to continue in the period ahead. To further strengthen its role in development cooperation, Turkey will focus on building its institutional capacity, particularly regarding human resources, and will strive to ensure the increased contribution of its private sector and civil society.
UNITED KINGDOM
The UK champions the Global Goals for Sustainable Development, which set out to eradicate extreme poverty through sustainable development, and is fully committed to implementing Agenda 2030. The UK has enshrined in law our commitment to provide 0.7% of national income as aid, and is also supporting developing countries to mobilise resources ‘beyond aid' in line with the Addis Ababa Action Agenda. Our approach is set out in the new UK Aid Strategy, which ensures the UK can respond to the changing world and global challenges, and is aligned with our bilateral and multilateral objectives and the Global Goals. Objectives in the Strategy are closely aligned with the five key principles that underpin the 2030 Agenda: People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace and Partnership.
The Global Goals are the starting point for the Department for International Development's (DFID) work and implementing the Global Goals overseas will be supported by all relevant areas of government action internationally - for example through our trade and global health policies. The principle of Leave No One Behind underpins this Agenda, and we must strive to support those in extreme poverty and most disadvantaged. We are also committed to implementation domestically. Departments across UK Government have a responsibility for delivering on their existing commitments, and these include commitments relevant to the Global Goals. In terms of overseeing this process and managing implementation within Government, this will be championed by DFID and supported by the centre of Government – the Cabinet Office –to ensure a whole of Government approach to delivering on this Agenda. The UK is intending to publish a report in due course on its contribution to the Global Goals which will cover both international and domestic implementation. The Office for National Statistics in the UK has been instrumental in contributing to the technical discussions that shaped the global set of indicators against which countries will be measured, and be will be working closely with UK Government during the implementation phase.
UNITED STATES
The United States embraces the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, which represent our shared commitment to tackle the toughest development challenges.

By acknowledging the universal nature of the 2030 Agenda, we recognize that poverty and growing inequality exists in all of our nations, and that all of our nations have work to do to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), reduce inequality and create opportunity around the world, including the United States.
The United States is committed to continual assessment and application of best practices to adjust implementation throughout the fifteen-year Agenda. Working with diverse stakeholders, we will utilize new technologies and approaches to understand and apply lessons learned on how people actually live and incorporate best practices to ensure that our investments dramatically improve outcomes.
To initiate implementation, the United States engaged our domestic policy agencies to assess current progress towards the SDGs and identify where the biggest gaps exist. Given the depth and breadth of the 2030 Agenda and the complexity of our policy architecture, we also convene regular inter-ministerial coordination meetings to ensure that inputs from across government are captured.
In consultation and coordination with statistical programs across government, our Office of the U.S. Chief Statistician at the Office of Management and Budget is assessing our readiness to report official national statistics according to the UN global indicator reporting framework, identifying indicators for which official national statistics are currently available, indicators requiring further exploration of possible data sources, and indicators for which data gaps may exist. These statistics will be made publicly accessible using a national reporting platform featuring open source software to facilitate interoperability with other national and international reporting platforms. National and global metadata will be featured. The Office of the U.S. Chief Statistician actively participates in the effort underway, led by the UN Statistical Commission Interagency Expert Group on Sustainable Development Goals, to develop a comprehensive global indicator framework to measure progress towards the SDGs.
Many of the SDGs reflect domestic commitments and priorities. For example, we have made significant progress in reducing family and chronic homelessness by one fifth since 2010. Over 20 cities and two states have ended homelessness among veterans, demonstrating that it is possible to effectively end homelessness for entire populations. Progress in this area reflects coordinated local, state and federal efforts, and a significant investment of resources. The United States will continue to work to end homelessness for all families with children by 2020. The United States Interagency Council on Homelessness, which includes the heads of 19 federal agencies, advances federal collaboration and coordination, ensuring that the most vulnerable are not left behind in domestic efforts to achieve sustainable development and to build an inclusive and sustainable future for all.

The United States is committed to reducing domestic poverty and setting a course for accelerated economic mobility. Child poverty has fallen further over the last two years than it has since 2000, but we still have work to do. The United States' efforts to expand access to health insurance through the Affordable Care Act have led to more than 90 percent coverage nationwide, representing a gain of more than 20 million people who were previously not covered, reducing significantly a major element of household expenditures for many of those at or near the U.S. poverty line. This broad and continuing expansion of health coverage reflects the values articulated in the SDGs that health is a necessary component for socio-economic stability.
Sub-national stakeholders also have a role in implementing policies to advance progress and ensure that no one is left behind. Several U.S. cities, including New York City, New Orleans, Minneapolis, Santa Monica, San Jose, as well as the state of California, have committed to implement the SDGs locally and are developing their own sub-national plans.
The executive branch additionally continues to engage our legislative branch to bolster support for the priorities reflected in the 2030 Agenda, which will be critical to implementing the Agenda domestically and to supporting its implementation globally. In 2016, the U.S. Congress approved two critical pieces of legislation, the Global Food Security Act and the Electrify Africa Act, reaffirming the United States' long-term commitment to addressing the global food security crisis and addressing sub-Saharan Africa's critical energy crisis.
Our international development efforts are grounded in partnership with a focus on strengthening local capacity and mobilizing all appropriate resources, ideas, and actions – principles at the heart of the Addis Ababa Action Agenda and the 2030 Agenda. The United States remains the largest bilateral provider of Official Development Assistance (ODA), which includes the largest bilateral share of global humanitarian aid. Mobilizing all sources of finance is critical, and we remain committed to partnering with countries to support their efforts to mobilize domestic resources and other sources of financing for development. As a founding member of the Addis Tax Initiative, the United States committed to significantly increasing resources for countries, especially LDCs, to be able to access ODA and technical assistance for improving public financial management, including tax administration and fiscal management capacity.
Our foreign policy agencies regularly coordinate to evaluate and report on how our international development programming helps advance global progress toward the SDGs. The Department of State (DOS) and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) have underscored for all overseas posts the importance of the 2030 Agenda. The DOS and USAID have also linked the SDG framework to country-level strategic planning processes, in order to tailor country partnerships to local contexts and SDG priorities. The Millennium Challenge Corporation's approach to compact development also enables alignment to country SDG priorities.
The United States continues to promote gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls, inclusive and accountable institutions, expanded educational opportunities, environmental protection and steps to address climate change. We are also expanding major development initiatives, including Power Africa, which seeks to double access to electricity in sub-Saharan Africa by adding 30,000 megawatts and 60 million new connections by 2030; Feed the Future, which supports improved food security and inclusive economic growth through the development of the agriculture sector; and our global health investments in the President's Malaria Initiative, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, TB, and Malaria, the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, and the Global Health Security Agenda. Together, these efforts reflect many of our contributions toward progress against the 2030 Agenda in a holistic and integrated manner, and by leveraging multiple sources of financing. Under the Obama Administration, the United States has committed and helped mobilize more than 100 billion in new funding from other donors and the private sector to fight poverty in the areas of health, food security and energy.
Acknowledging the need to deepen our capacity to collect, analyze, and utilize data, dynamically, in order to effectively implement and report on progress towards the SDGs, the United States helped found and support the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development Data.

{*1* Where specific goals/ targets are referenced in this Action Plan it is recognized that the SDGs are an integrated agenda, and that the Global Partnership underpins the implementation of all of the goals. The specific references given in this section are not intended to limit the scope of the goals themselves.}