[Title] Summit Declaration

We, the leaders of Japan, the People's Republic of China, and the Republic of Korea, met in Tokyo, Japan, on May 22, 2011.

We expressed deep condolences for the loss of precious lives and devastating damages due to the Great East Japan Earthquake, which occurred on March 11, 2011. This incident reminded us of the essential need for trilateral cooperation, considering bonds of friendship among the three peoples as well as the geographical closeness.

With this in mind, while we expressed satisfaction over the sound momentum of comprehensive and continuous development of the trilateral cooperation, we shared the will to further strengthen the future-oriented comprehensive cooperative partnership. Based on the recognition that trilateral cooperation will surely contribute to Japan's early recovery, we shared the importance of helping each other, especially at times of disaster and adversity. We expressed our determination to bolster Japan's efforts to overcome this difficult situation through trilateral cooperation in various areas.

We welcomed the progress regarding the Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat to be launched this year in the Republic of Korea and expressed our hope that the Secretariat will further enhance the trilateral cooperation.

We affirmed to maintain and strengthen high level exchanges and decided to hold Trilateral Policy Dialogue on Asian affairs at the annual Trilateral Senior Foreign Affairs Officials' Consultation in order to promote comprehensive, objective and in-depth understanding of each other's Asian policies and contribute to peace and stability in the region.

1. Trilateral Cooperation

Disaster Management and Nuclear Safety

In view of the Great East Japan Earthquake, Japan is committed to sharing with China, ROK and the international community at large, the lessons learned from the nuclear accident and the earthquake. We reaffirmed the importance of the trilateral cooperation in disaster management and nuclear safety, and decided to promote the cooperation as attached.

Economic Growth

We, the leaders of three major countries in the region, shared the view that the three countries should strengthen cooperation to further enhance vitality and dynamism of the region and lead the vigorous growth of Asia.

From this point of view, reaffirming the growing importance of a trilateral investment framework, which will be instrumental to further strengthening the economic partnership among the three countries, we shared the view on the need to make further efforts to achieve a substantial agreement in the negotiation of the Trilateral Investment Agreement as early as possible.

Taking into account the current circumstances in Japan and their implications and noting the progress of the Joint Study on a trilateral Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and the recommendation from the Economic and Trade Ministers as well as Foreign Ministers, we decided to accelerate the Joint Study on a trilateral FTA so that the study will be concluded within this year and follow-ups will be taken thereafter.

We reaffirmed the importance of food safety and energy security, and encouraged dialogues and cooperation in these fields.

We welcomed the establishment of the Northeast Asian Logistics Information Service Network (NEAL-NET), and encouraged further progress for the establishment of a seamless logistics system within the framework of Tripartite Transport and Logistics Ministers Meeting, and for the early realization of sea-land combined transportation among the three countries.

We confirmed that promoting tourism among the three countries is conducive to stimulating economy, especially for the disaster-affected Japanese tourism sector, and deepening understanding of the other countries. We supported the target, set at the Fifth Trilateral Tourism Ministers' Meeting in 2010, to expand the scale of people-to-people exchange among the three countries to 26 million by 2015. We shared the view that the three countries should make joint efforts to create and firmly maintain a favorable environment for the realization of this target and the promotion of tourism and friendly exchanges. We confirmed the importance of expanding the air services network through further liberalization on a reciprocal basis among the three countries. We also confirmed the efforts to facilitate visa procedures. We shared the view that it is important to promote expansion of sister/friendship city exchange.

We will further enhance customs cooperation, especially for trade facilitation and the improvement of customs procedures under the framework of Tripartite Customs Heads' Meeting.

Environmentally Sustainable Development

Recognizing that the global environmental issues need to be addressed by the international community for the sake of future generations, we showed our determination to lead the efforts in this field. From this perspective, we shared the view that it is necessary to promote renewable energy use and enhance energy efficiency toward sustainable growth and decided as attached.

We endorsed the outcome of the 13th Tripartite Environment Ministers Meeting (TEMM) in Busan, Korea. We also welcomed the progress of Tripartite Joint Action Plan and the outcome of Students and Business Forums under the TEMM framework, and will strengthen cooperation to tackle such global environmental issues as climate change, biodiversity loss and regional environmental issues including Dust and Sandstorms(DSS), acid deposition and illegal transboundary movement of solid waste in particular e-waste. In this regard, we welcomed the commitment to establish a cooperative mechanism on combating illegal transboundary movement of wastes including e-waste.

We emphasized the importance to closely cooperate for steady follow-up of various outcomes of the tenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP10) to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD).

We took note of the on-going discussion over the basic ideas for exploration of the establishment of a China-Japan-Korea circular economy model base, and recognized the necessity of useful consultation on the prospective framework of the circular economy model base. We decided to accelerate our cooperative efforts to initiate the preparatory work.

People-to-people and Cultural Exchanges

We recognized that people-to-people and cultural exchanges, especially among youths, form the basis for enhancing mutual trust among the three countries and enhancing the future-oriented cooperative relationship. Upon this basis, we decided to organize "Future Forum," in the framework of the Japan-China-ROK Youth Friendship Meeting to promote friendly and cooperative ties.

Taking into account the 40th anniversary of the normalization of Japan-China diplomatic ties and the 20th anniversary of the establishment of China-ROK diplomatic relations, we decided to especially enhance the friendly exchanges among the three countries in 2012.

We welcomed the efforts to promote university exchanges among the three countries through "CAMPUS Asia" and hoped that a pilot program will be launched as early as possible. To further promote trilateral educational cooperation, we decided to continue our efforts in building the mechanism of Trilateral Education Ministerial Meeting. The cooperation areas can include promotion of the exchanges of students and teachers to foster mutual understanding on each other and to build a cooperative future-oriented relation.

Recognizing the importance of cultural exchanges to deepen mutual understandings of the three countries, we hoped that, based on Nara Declaration issued at the Third Trilateral Culture Ministers' Meeting in 2011, concrete measures will be taken to promote the cultural exchanges among the three countries, and that the Fourth Trilateral Meeting in 2012 will further contribute to that development.

We expected that the Japan-China-Korea Cultural Content Industry Forum will contribute to promotion of further exchange and cooperation on cultural content businesses among the three countries.

Others

We confirmed the importance of enhancing trilateral cooperation in the area of search and rescue to ensure maritime safety, and expressed expectation for closer cooperation among the three countries.

We stressed the importance of cooperation for successful implementation of Seoul Development Consensus and its Multi-Year Action Plan adopted at the G20 Seoul Summit, and expressed hope for in-depth and meaningful discussion at the upcoming Fourth High Level Forum on Aid Effectiveness, to be held in Busan, Korea, this year. We will continue to exchange views on our respective policies on development cooperation.

We reiterated our view that long-term and concerted efforts in cooperation with neighboring countries remain absolutely vital for the eradication of terrorism. From this perspective, we shared the expectation that the Japan-China-ROK Counter-Terrorism Consultations will produce tangible results in this field.

We are gravely concerned that piracy off the coast of Somalia continues to be a serious threat to international navigation and to the safety of commercial maritime routes. We expressed our commitment to bolster our efforts in the fight against our common threat, in cooperation with the international community. We decided to strengthen trilateral cooperation in this regard.

2. Regional and Global Issues

Northeast Asian Situation

We shared the view that the denuclearization of Korean Peninsula would greatly contribute to peace and stability in Northeast Asia. The concern was expressed regarding DPRK's claimed uranium enrichment program. We underlined the essential significance of sincere and constructive inter-Korean dialogue, and stressed the importance of concrete actions to create an environment conducive to the resumption of the Six-Party Talks. We reaffirmed our commitment to realize the goals outlined in the 2005 Joint Statement of the Six-Party Talks.

Regional Cooperation in East Asia

We reiterated our commitment to promote regional cooperation through the existing frameworks including the Japan-China-ROK Trilateral Summit, ASEAN plus Three, East Asia Summit (EAS), ASEAN Regional Forum (ARF) and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) with a view to realizing a peaceful, stable and prosperous East Asia. We continue to support ASEAN as the driving force for regional cooperation in East Asia. In this regard, we welcomed the participation of the United States and Russia in the East Asia Summit from this year. We are committed to working closely among the three countries, with ASEAN and the other partners to promote regional cooperation in East Asia.

Disarmament and non-proliferation

We reaffirmed our strong commitment to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons. We expressed our willingness to work with others to pursue a nuclear-weapon-free world in a way that promotes international stability, and based on the principle of undiminished security for all. We underscored our determination to implement the Final Document of the 2010 NPT Review Conference. We welcomed the ROK's hosting of the 2012 Nuclear Security Summit and reaffirmed our continued close cooperation for the success of the Summit.

International Economic Situation

We discussed issues on the international economic situation including uncertainty and potential risks in the world economy. We reaffirmed our commitment to acting together to address global economic challenges through the G20 and other relevant fora, in particular by steadily implementing the outcomes of G20 Seoul Summit, to achieve strong, sustainable and balanced growth.